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Item Incorporating auto-grading and feedback tools into an online 3D Compound Virtual Field Trip system(2009-06-22) Lin, M. C.; Chang, C. Y.In this article delineates several type of assessment tools based on the auto-grading and feedback system in the online 3D Compound Virtual Field Trip (3D-CVFT) system developed by us and descript how the assessment proceeding. The short answer question is one of the best ways to check users’ learn effects and the open-ended tasks not only can be formative assessment but seem to be the summative evaluation as well.Item An investigation of Taiwanese early adolescents' views about the nature of science(Libra Publishers Inc, 2005-09-01) Huang, C. M.; Tsai, C. C.; Chang, C. Y.This study developed a Pupils' Nature of Science Scale, including the subscales of the invented and changing nature of science, the role of social negotiation on science, and cultural context on science, to assess early adolescents' views about the nature of science. More than 6,000 fifth and sixth graders in Taiwan responded to the Scale. The study revealed that the adolescents had quite different perspectives toward different subscales of the nature of science. Moreover, male adolescents tended to express more constructivist-oriented views toward the nature of science than did their female counterparts. The adolescents of different grades and races also displayed varying views toward the nature of science.Item High school students' scientific epistemological beliefs, cognitive structures regarding nuclear power usage, and their informal reasoning on the debates of nuclear power usage(2008-04-02) Wu, Y. T.; Tsai, C. C.; Chang, C. Y.Item The relationships between high school students' cognitive structures regarding nuclear power and their informal reasoning on nuclear power usage(2007-04-18) Wu, Y. T.; Tsai, C. C.; Chang, C. Y.This study was conducted to explore the relationships between 44 eleven-grade students’ cognitive structures regarding nuclear power and their informal reasoning on nuclear power usage. The data about participants’ cognitive structures were collected with tape-recorded interviews, and the interview narratives were transcribed into the format of ‘fl ow maps’. The students’ informal reasoning on nuclear power usage was assessed with an open-ended questionnaire developed in the previous study, and their responses were analyzed with an integrated framework developed in the previous study. The results showed that the students, having more extended as well as more integrated cognitive structures, were more oriented to utilize multiple reasoning modes; those who, more frequently used higher-order information processing modes in organizing concepts, also tended to utilize multiple reasoning modes. Moreover, the more extended as well as the more integrated the students’ cognitive structures were, the more they were oriented proceed higher-level reasoning; the more frequently an individual learner tended to utilize higher-level information processing modes in organizing concepts, the more he/she was oriented to achieve a higher reasoning level. In conclusion, this study showed some evidence that students’ conceptual understanding regarding a socio-scientifi c issue was related to their informal reasoning on this issue.Item An exploratory study on students' problem-solving ability in earth science(Taylor & Francis (Routledge), 2002-01-01) Chang, C. Y.; Weng, Y. H.In this paper, we explore the interrelationship between students' problem-solving ability and their science-process skills in the area of earth science. Participants were 195 earth science students enrolled in four science classes at four senior high schools in Taipei City and the County of Taiwan. Statistical analyses indicated that a significantly moderate correlation existed between students' problem-solving ability and their science process skills. Results of t-test also revealed that there were significant mean differences in students' skills of observation, data interpretation, and hypothesis formulation between higher-level and lower-level problem solvers. Semi-structured interviews revealed that the higher-level problem solver performed better on the problem-solving processes than the lower-level problem solver.Item Taiwanese Earth science curriculum guidelines for the compulsory grades nine and ten(2004-11-01) Chang, C. Y.Item A perception-treatment interaction in different models of computer-assisted instruction(2003-03-01) Chang, C. Y.; Tsai, C. C.Item Investigating Earth science teachers' preferences and practices of goals of Earth science education in Taiwan(2006-09-21) Lee, W. C.; Chang, C. Y.Item VIBRANT: A brainstorming agent for computer supported creative problem solving(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006-01-01) Wang, H. C.; Li, T. Y.; Ros�, C. P.; Huang, C. C.; Chang, C. Y.This paper describes key issues underlying the design of a tutoring system that brainstorms with students in order to support qualitative problem solving. Cognitively oriented and socially oriented support are enabled by two technologies, namely heuristic-based feedback generation and community-data-driven social recommendation. Formal representations and corresponding automated reasoning procedures for these technologies are introduced.Item Gender bias in virtual learning environments: An exploratory study(Wiley, 2012-03-01) Lin, M. C.; Tutwiler, M. S.; Chang, C. Y.