高齡者每日中斷久坐次數與功能性體適能表現之關聯性研究

Abstract

目的：本研究目的為探討參與者不同社會人口學變項在功能性體適能表現上的差異性，進一步探討參與者每日中斷久坐次數與其功能性體適能表現之關聯性。此項研究以65歲以上的老年人作為研究對象，運用客觀儀器三軸加速規（GT3X+ ActiGraph, Pensacola, Florida），來測量其每日久坐中斷次數，以及與功能性體適能表現 (握力、五次坐立測驗、三公尺起身繞行與六公尺行走速度) 之關聯性，共收集200位高齡者，平均年齡是76.3歲，其中55%為女性。結果：本研究發現教育程度高中職含以下、及慢性病就診科別大於4科及有認知風險的族群，其所有功能性體適能表現皆比其他族群顯著較差，性別為女性的族群，其握力相關表現較男性為差，有抽菸及喝酒的族群在五次坐立測驗的表現皆比其他族群較差，另外有使用藥物大於8種的族群在三公尺起身繞行、六公尺行走速度及五次坐立測驗之表現皆比小於8種的族群差，營養狀況有風險的族群在握力、六公尺行走速度及五次坐立測驗之表現皆比營養狀況良好者的族群差。在全部族群中，每日中斷久坐則與三公尺起身繞行表現有顯著相關，在非門診族群中，每日中斷久坐則與握力、六公尺行走速度有顯著相關。結論：本研究發現高齡者每日中斷久坐行為的增加與較佳的功能性體適能有關聯性，特別是在握力、三公尺起身繞行及六公尺行走速度方面的表現未來針對高齡者設計中斷久坐行為相關健康促進措施時，可以特別針對高風險族群優先進行介入。

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the differences in functional fitness performance among participants with varying sociodemographic characteristics and further explore the relationship between the frequency of daily sedentary interruptions and their functional fitness performance. The study targets elderly individuals aged 65 and above, utilizing objective instruments such as the triaxial accelerometer (GT3X+ ActiGraph, Pensacola, Florida) to measure the daily interruptions of sedentary behavior and their association with functional fitness performance (grip strength, five-time sit-to-stand test, three-meter timed up-and-go test, and six-meter walk speed). A total of 200 elderly individuals were collected, with an average age of 76.3 years, of which 55% were female. Results: The study found that participants with a high school education or lower, visiting more than four different specialists for chronic diseases, and those with cognitive risks, had significantly poorer functional fitness performance across all measures compared to other groups. Female participants showed poorer grip strength performance than males. Those who smoked and drank alcohol performed worse on the five-time sit-to-stand test compared to other groups. Participants using more than eight types of medications had poorer performance in the three-meter timed up-and-go test, six-meter walk speed, and five-time sit-to-stand test compared to those using fewer than eight types. Participants at nutritional risk performed worse in grip strength, six-meter walk speed, and the five-time sit-to-stand test compared to those with good nutritional status. Across all participants, daily interruptions of sedentary behavior were significantly related to the three-meter timed up-and-go test performance. Among non-outpatient participants, daily interruptions of sedentary behavior were significantly related to grip strength and six-meter walk speed. Conclusion: This study found that increased daily interruptions of sedentary behavior in elderly individuals are associated with better functional fitness performance, particularly in grip strength, the three-meter timed up-and-go test, and six-meter walk speed. Future health promotion measures aimed at interrupting sedentary behavior in the elderly should prioritize high-risk groups for intervention.