侘寂美學於文學類書籍封面設計之創作研究

Abstract

本研究主旨在探討日本美學中心－侘寂美學（wabi-sabi）。起源來自日本禪宗，發展於日本茶道，由千利休（1522-1591）為集大成者，在精神內涵上有著內斂、陰翳的展現，接受受自然所支配，不將缺破、不均勻視為錯誤。而侘寂美學影響日本文化、生活以及設計領域深遠，近年台灣設計產業也有明顯受日本設計的影響，因此本研究望能將美學概念導出整合應用於平面設計，以外在體現內在表現美學特質與設計訊息之傳遞。

以侘寂美學於書籍封面設計作為研究主題。藉由文獻分析法了解侘寂美學的起源、定義、特質與發展，以及書籍封面設計的本質與設計元素；以案例分析法針對建築與空間、工藝、平面設計、水墨四大類別歸納相關侘寂美學的設計案例進行分析與探討；接著使用訪談法針對金蝶獎2012年至2020年金獎、銀獎、銅獎得獎作品進行研究討論。

最終歸納出符合侘寂美學於書籍封面設計的形式特徵：（一）色調方面以低明度低彩度、高明度低彩度搭配較為常見，而顏色部分則以黑、灰、白、混濁的、自然色為主；（二）文字要素以中文明體字與英文襯線體，或偏向細線結構的設計字體；（三）材質則是以具粗糙紋路、霧面、具質感之厚紙卡，或異材質的搭配常被運用；（四）視覺的圖像類型，攝影照片多以低彩度呈現低調感、小面積的文字要素、手繪線條的插圖表現；（五）印刷的裝訂與後加工也是體現侘寂美學概念很重要的一塊，常用特殊媒材的加工法來增添氣氛的展現，如穿線裸背裝訂、凹凸印壓或是不規則內頁、書封等表現元素。將歸納的形式特徵原則進行書籍封面設計創作，並以誠品、博客來2019華文創作十大排行榜中十二件作品為創作對象進行再設計，以檢閱研究結果。

本研究結果在案例分析透過不同設計領域了解侘寂美學於設計上的各式樣貌，而創作結果發現侘寂美學應用於文學類書籍封面相符合，因同時具備表現細膩情感的內涵，而書籍封面設計需考量文本內容，以外在體現內在，因此除形式上的特徵外，考量其他書籍設計領域，更能完善整體設計，以達到最終視覺美感的體現。This thesis is to explore the Japanese aesthetic - wabi-sabi. It origin from Zen of Japanese and developed into a Japanese tea ceremony. Sen no Rikyu (1522-1591) was the practitioner. It is introverted and gloomy in spiritual connotations, accept nature and imperfection. Wabi-sabi has influenced Japanese culture, life, and design. In recent years, Taiwan’s design style has also been influenced by Japanese style. Therefore, this thesis analyzes the forms and rules from the orderly ways of Aesthetic concepts, apply it to graphic design.

This research uses the books’ cover design by wabi-sabi as the topic. This thesis analyzed related literature to wabi-sabi's history, and the forms and rules of books cover design. Used the Case Analysis Method to analyze and discuss the design cases related to quiet aesthetics of architecture and interior design, production, graphic design, and Chinese brush painting. Used the Interview Survey to analyze and discuss the Golden Butterfly Bronze Award from 2012 to 2020 for the case study.

And I concluded the data on how elements of layout design and formation principal are used by wabi-sabi. With elements of layout design, Ming typeface, Hei typeface, Serifs typeface, illustration, typefaces, black, white, gray, cloudy, natural, high value and low chroma, and low value and low chroma colors are used commonly. And the material is rough and matte, print post-processing is an important part of wabi-sabi’s book’s design. With formation principle, horizontal, contrast, balance, and size principals are more often used for layout arrangement. After studying reference and case data, I will research the book cover's layout design. This study takes Elite and Books bookshop 2019 Chinese creation top 10 sales books as the topic and redesigns those book covers. Finally, I will use the conclusion and suggestion to conclude this creation research and hope this research could be used as a reference for other related studies.

Finally, by books cover creating, the author experiences and verifies the form of the Literature books of wabi-sabi. Books’ cover design will present inside the book. therefore, book content plays an important role while book covers are designed.