「《春秋》筆法」的詮釋與接受

Abstract

「《春秋》筆法」－詞源自《春秋》經，並從經學轉換至文學寫法的領域。本文試圖詮釋此一名詞，也想探討它在後世從經學轉向文學思考的接受討論。研究結果發現：「《春秋》筆法」意指「微言大義」，即是以文辭幽微的方式呈現出史家的褒善貶惡之義，強調「大義」的呈現。孟子、司馬遷、朱熹較能詮釋《春秋》大義的精神。後世延伸《春秋》筆法至文學的思考轉化，主要以古文創作為主，其中劉知幾的「晦」，歐陽脩的「簡」，都是延伸創造性的解讀。方苞的「義法說」，更是從《史記》的接受而再接受的過程所詮釋出來的意義。《春秋》筆法的主軸意義大致不變，但也有各家不同的側重點，成為接受現象的多元呈現。

“Techniques of Chun Qiu Writing” are originated from Chun Qiu and changed it to the field of literature writings. This paper attempt to explain the techniques meaning also discuss the exchanged phenomenon at the later period. We could be find, the techniques meaning are used few words to write history but there was many moral judge at here. Mencius, Si-ma Qian and Zhu Xi are more than give the good interpretation of “Techniques of Chun Qiu Writing”. At the later period, literature works displayed distinctive inclination of Confucian Classics. This inclination makes the ancient prose showing some characteristics. Liu Zhi-ji provided obscure technique from Chun Qiu and Ou-Yang xiu provided succinct technique from Chun Qiu to write through a historical comment carefully. Up to the Ching dynasty, Fang Bao's the train of thought in writing also selected from the interpretation of “Techniques of Chun Qiu Writing” by Si-ma Qian's Shi Ji. There was many hermeneutics are difference and the receptions are similar. It has diverse thoughts of ancient Prose.