桃園市蘆竹區國小教師健康飲食教育行為及其相關因素研究

Abstract

本研究以橫斷式調查研究法，探討桃園市國小教師健康飲食教育行為及其相關因素。以102學年度任教於桃園市蘆竹區國民小學教師做為研究對象，採分層隨機抽樣的方式，樣本共300位教師。利用自編結構式問卷進行資料收集，最後得有效問卷253份，有效回收率達84.3%。本研究的重要結果如下： 一、研究對象的健康飲食知識屬中上程度。研究對象的健康飲食教育態度為正向，較過去來看已有提升。研究對象的健康飲食教育社會支持屬中上程度，從學生家長方面的支持得分最低。研究對象的健康飲食教育自我效能屬中上程度，但在一般教學效能上的自信程度低於個人教學效能。研究對象的健康飲食教育行為方面屬中上程度，在學生學習成果的評量得分最低。 二、研究對象的背景變項中，與健康飲食教育態度有關的是「任教職務」、「教學年資」等二項；與健康飲食教育社會支持有關的是「性別」、「任教學校規模」、「任教職務」等三項；與健康飲食教育自我效能有關的是「任教學校規模」、「任教職務」等二項；與健康飲食教育行為有關的是「任教學校規模」、「任教職務」等二項。另外，研究對象的健康飲食教育態度、健康飲食教育社會支持、健康飲食教育自我效能都與健康飲食教育行為呈正相關。 三、研究對象的背景變項、健康飲食知識、健康飲食教育態度、社會支持及自我效能能有效預測其健康飲食教育行為，並可解釋其總變異量之58.4%。研究顯示，在各預測變項互相控制之下，研究對象任教於中小規模學校者、健康飲食教育態度越正向者、獲得的社會支持越多者、健康飲食教育自我效能越高者，其健康飲食教育行為越佳。 本研究依結論提出對未來教育單位的建議，以提高研究對象對健康飲食教育的落實。

The main purpose of this study was to explore healthy eating education behavior and it’s influential factors among the elementary school teachers in Taoyuan City , by using a cross-sectional survey. 300 elementary school teachers , a stratified random sample , were teach in the 2013-2014 school year. Using a self-designed structured questionnaire , 253 vaildated questionnaires were retrieved , 84.3% of all questionnaires. The key points are summarized as follows: 1.The healthy eating knowledge is in the middle level ranged. Teachers who achieved better test results were more likely to have developed a healthy eating education attitude. The healthy eating education social support tend to be of mid-upper level, and that from the students’ parents is the lowest. The healthy eating education self-efficacy tend to be of mid-upper level, and the general self-efficacy were lower than personal self-efficacy. The healthy eating education behavior tend to be of mid-upper level, and the assessment for students is the lowest. 2.Background variables of the healthy eating education attitude study were related to "the duties" and "teaching years".The healthy eating education social support study were related to "gender" , "school size" and "the duties". The healthy eating education self-efficacy study were related to "school size" and "the duties".The healthy eating education behavior study were related to "school size" and "the duties".In addition, healthy eating education attitude , healthy eating education social support and healthy eating education self-efficacy had positive relationship with healthy eating education behavior. 3.The background variables, healthy eating education attitude, healthy eating education social support, healthy eating education self-efficacy found in the study can effectively predict the healthy eating education behavior among teachers, and explained 58.4% of the total variance.By controlling all variables that affected others, the study found that teach in small and medium school size, with a positive healthy eating education attitude, with more social support, with a good healthy eating education self-efficacy, have better healthy eating education behavior. In order to improve the implementation of teacher healthy eating education, some recommendations for future educational administrations and future research are provided.