國民中學藝術教科書之音樂創作教材內容分析

Abstract

本研究旨在分析與比較依照十二年國民基本教育課程綱要編寫之國民中學藝術教科書音樂部分中的音樂創作教材內容，探討翰林版、康軒版、奇鼎版與全華版等四個版本之音樂創作教材在創作形式、音樂元素、創作媒介、教材與教學活動之關聯與活動形式的內容與異同。本研究採用「內容分析法」，採質量兼顧的方式，進行四個版本音樂創作教材內容之分析。研究者參考課程綱要與相關文獻，自編「音樂教科書創作教學內容分析類目表」作為研究工具。本研究之主要發現如下：

一、四版之音樂創作教材內容以「作曲」最多，在音樂元素上，以「節奏」最多，會透過「記譜」形式呈現創作內容，並且常與同單元的「欣賞」教材做連結，活動形式則常以「個人」方式進行。

二、翰林、奇鼎與全華版每冊皆有安排音樂創作教材，四版皆以作曲為主，在音樂元素上，翰林與奇鼎版以音色最多，康軒版為歌詞，全華版為節奏，四版本都以記譜作為音樂創作媒介，且經常與欣賞教材做連結，在活動形式上，翰林與康軒版以個人為主，全華版為小組，奇鼎版則兩者數量相當。

最後根據研究結果，對國中音樂教師、教科書編輯群及未來研究提出建議，以作為參考之用。This study aimed to analyze and compare the content of music creation materials in the music section of the junior high school arts textbooks written according to the 12-year Basic Education Curriculum Guidelines, and to explore the content of composing form, music elements, composing medium, the relationship between materials and teaching activities, and activity forms, similarities and differences between four editions of textbooks: Hanlin Edition, Kangxuan Edition, Qiding Edition and Quanhua Edition. This study used the"content analysis method" to analyze the content of the four editions of music creation materials. Research datas were presented qualitatively and quantitatively in the study. In addition, the researcher refered to the national curriculum guideline and relevant literature to construct the "Music Creation Teaching Content Analysis Category of Music Textbook" as a research instrument.

The significant findings of this study were as follows:

1. Among the composing forms of four editions, "composition" is the most common, and "rhythm" is the most used musical elements. The creation medium was presented as "notation", often linked with "music appreciation" materials. Activity form used the "individual" activities most.

2. Each Hanlin, Qiding and Quanhua edition volume had music creation materials. The four editions all focused on "composition". In terms of musical elements, the Hanlin and Qiding editions used the most timbre, the Kangxuan edition used lyrics, and the Quanhua used the rhythm. The four editions used notation as the medium of music creation and are often connected with music appreciation. Regarding the form of activities, the Hanlin and Kangxuan editions focused on individuals, the Quanhua edition focused on groups, and the Qiding edition placed equal amounts of both.

Finally, based on the research findings, the research proposed relevant suggestions for the junior high school music teachers, textbook editors and future research studies.