涵蓋家長之營養教育對國小高年級學童脂肪攝取之影響

Abstract

本研究在評估涵蓋家長教育之教學設計對國小高年級學童降低脂肪攝取營養教育成效的影響。以臺北市三所國小之五年級各兩班學童（N=167）及家長（N=108）為研究對象。研究設計分三組教育介入，課堂教學組（E）的為實施每週一次，共八次的學童降低脂肪營養教育課堂教學；家長教育組（PI）除了學童課堂教學外，還包括家長簡訊及座談會；控制組（C）則無任何相關的營養教育活動。在介入前、後一週分別對三組學童及家長進行前、後測評量，並在介入結束後第六週對PI組及E組學童進行後後測評量。研究結果發現：介入後，PI組及E組學童之知識均顯著較控制組增加，但只有PI組之學童態度、飲食行為及自我效能顯著較控制組進步。以PI組來看，除了對低度家長參與的學童成效較差外，對不同性別、體型、學業成績及家庭社經地位的學童幾乎都有成效；另外，PI 組之家長的飲食行為也顯著較控制組家長進步。本研究證實，家長參與對學童飲食營養教育介入計畫成效有重要的影響。

The purpose of this study was to access the impact of parents' involvement on the effect of the fat intake reduction nutrition education program for 5th graders. Fifth grader students (N=167) and their parents (N=108) from three elementary schools in Taipei city participated the study. The classroom education group (E group) was treated with student's classroom fat intake reduction education program which include eight 40-min sessions, one session per week. The parents involved group (P group) received both students' classroom education program and parents' education materials-4 newsletters and one seminar. The control group (C group) was not treated with any nutrition education program. The outcomes of the intervention was measured by questionnaires administered one week before (pre-test), a week after (post-test) and six weeks after (follow-up test) the intervention. The results indicated that: The children's fat intake reduction knowledge scores of both E and P group were significantly higher than C group, but only the children of P group scored significantly which in fat intake reduction nutrition attitude, behavior, and self-efficacy. The results indicated that parents' involved fat intake reduction education program were effective for 5th graders of different gender, academic achievement, BMI and family social economic status but not students of low degree of parents' involvement. Parents' fat intake reduction behavior of P group also scored significantly higher than C group. The results revealed that parents' involvement is essential for effective children's nutrition education program.