為民主而進行的教育：論帕克的公立學校藍圖與教師圖像

Abstract

本研究旨在探討美國進步主義教育之父－帕克（F. W. Parker, 1837-1902）的生平與思想，特別是其學校藍圖和教師圖像，以提供臺灣師資培育教育之參考。全文共分五章，第一章說明研究緣起與目的、相關文獻回顧、研究方法與步驟、研究範圍與限制。第二章描述帕克的時代背景及其生平事蹟，以解釋其教育思想的起源。第三章透過各個文獻史料中的學校層面，描繪帕克對於公立學校的期許。第四章聚焦於教師層面，從教育現場和師資培育課程著手，分析教師所需的態度、能力與知能。第五章則根據第二章到第四章的論述導出結論，並對臺灣師資培育相關規定和未來研究者提出建議。

本研究結論歸納如下： ㄧ、帕克身為進步主義教育的先驅，對美國的教育改革有著開創性的影響。 二、帕克認為公立學校的教育目的就是為民主社會培養理性的公民。 三、帕克認為教師的使命就是落實理想的學校教育。 四、帕克的教育理念對臺灣的學校教育與師資培育均具參考價值。

The purpose of this thesis was to explore the life and mind of F. W. Parker (1837-1902), the Father of Progressive Education. Hopefully, his viewpoints on such issues can provide a frame of reference for teacher training in Taiwan. This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduces the origin and purpose of the thesis, literature review research methods and steps, as well as research scope and limitations. The second chapter explains Parker's historical background and his life story, which causes of his educational thought. Chapter three presents Parker's expectations of public schools, through his various documents. Chapter four analyses the attitudes, abilities and knowledge required by teachers, looking into the educational scene and teacher training courses. Chapter five derives conclusions from the preceding chapters and offers suggestions for improving Taiwan's teacher training and future research.

The conclusions of this thesis are summarized as follows: First, as a pioneer of progressive education, Parker has exerted great influence on American educational reform. Second, Parker believes that the purpose of public schools is to cultivate rational citizens. Third, Parker believes that the mission of teachers is to realize the ideal school education. Fourth, Parker's educational viewpoints are very valuable to both school education and teacher training in Taiwan.