國中學生吸菸行為相關因素之研究 －以新北市某國民中學為例

Abstract

本研究目的在解國中生吸菸行為的現況，探討國中學生個人背景因素、重要他人吸菸經驗及社會環境因素與吸菸行為之關係並分析其對吸菸行為之預測力。採立意取樣方式以新北市某國中學生為研究對象，問卷採用行政院衛生署國民健康局「全球青少年吸菸行為調查 Global Youth Tobacco Survey, GYTS」樣本問卷，共獲得有效問卷338份回收率96%，其重要研究結果如下： 1. 研究對象的吸菸行為與個人背景因素中的性別、年齡、學業成績、零用錢及父母親婚姻狀況與吸菸行為有顯著關係；與父母親教育程度無關係存在。 2. 研究對象之父母親及好友有吸菸其吸菸行為的比率愈高。 3. 研究對象接觸菸品廣告及促銷率越高其吸菸行為的比率愈高。 4. 研究對象越容易獲得菸品其吸菸行為的比率愈高。 5. 研究對象接觸二手菸頻率越高其吸菸行為的比率愈高。 6. 研究對象吸菸行為最具有效預測力的變項為「父母親婚姻狀況」為分居、離婚或喪偶與「菸品可近性及可獲得性」比率越高，發生吸菸行為機率則越高，所以上述兩個自變項對研究對象之吸菸行為最具有效預測力。 綜上述研究結果，依據本研究結論提出菸害預防教育與公共衛生政策相關建議，作為未來推動青少年菸害防制工作之參考。

The purpose of this study was to understand the current status of cigarette smoking behavior and related factors among students in junior high schools, to explore their personal background factors, significant others’ smoking experience, relationship between social environmental factors and smoking behavior, and the capability of predicting the smoking behavior based on the above-mentioned factors.We applied the cluster sampling approach, targeted on students from one junior high school in New Taipei City, and adopted the questionnaire template forms of Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) prepared by Department of Health, Bureau of Health. And the results of study are as follows: 1. The smoking behaviors of targets are related to gender, age, academic achievement, pocket money and parental marital status, but unrelated to parental education level. 2. The ratio of targeted students who are smokers is higher when their parents or friends are smokers. 3. The ratio of targeted students who are smokers is higher when they easily access tobacco advertisement or product promotion. 4. The ratio of targeted students who are smokers is higher when they easily access tobacco. 5. The ratio of targeted students who are smokers is higher when they frequently access second-hand smoke. 6. The most two dominant variables for predicting smoking behaviors are parental marital status (separated, divorced or widowed) and accessibility/availability of tobacco. The ratio of targeted students who are smokers is higher when the respective ratio of said two factors is higher. The said two factors have most effective capability of predicting of smoking behaviors. Based on the study results, we make related suggestions on smoking prevention education and public health policy in order to promote adolescent tobacco control work.