阿德勒《自卑與超越》兩種中譯本之比較

Abstract

奧地利出身的心理學家阿爾弗雷德阿德勒（Alfred Adler，1870－1937），為個體心理學派（Individual Psychology）創始人，乃一重要心理學家。阿德勒在1931年出版代表作之一What Life Should Mean to You，此書集合眾多議題，共分為十二章節分別討論不同主題，是阿德勒著作中頗具盛名的一冊。此書書名中文常見直譯為《生命對你意味著什麼》，或另有《自卑與超越》一名；1971年，臺灣首冊中譯版本由志文出版社出版，書名即為後者。現今，市面上可取得多種此書譯本，多為不同譯者重譯之版本，其翻譯風格與用字皆有差異，甚或有內容之刪減搬移。除了讓讀者在選書時感到困惑，亦可能因此對原文產生不同的認識與理解，尤其在專有詞彙上的詮釋，譯本各行其是。本文擇臺灣二家出版社：志文出版社與五南出版社，分別於1971年及2019年出版之《自卑與超越》，進行個體心理學概念詞彙比較，旨在淺談此二譯本對翻譯個體心理學相關理論或專有詞彙時的方式，並比較二譯本對於關鍵議題的譯文或有不足與可再商議之處，另討論此二譯本較嚴重的誤譯與漏譯情形。

Alfred Adler, the founder of the school of individual psychology, is among the greatest figures in the realm of psychology. One of his most prestigious pieces of work What Life Should Mean to You was published in 1931, the 12 chapters of the book introduced individual psychology to the public in a systematic and comprehensive manner.The first Traditional Chinese translation of What Life Should Mean to You in Taiwan was published by ZhiWen Publishing House in 1971. Today, almost 10 versions of translation are available in Taiwan, whereas each of them differs in translators and translating styles; distinctive terms in these translations also vary. In this thesis, two Chinese translations of What Life Should Mean to You, published by ZhiWen Publishing House in 1971 and Wunan Book Co., Ltd. in 2019 respectively, are chosen tocarry out the comparison between their translations. This thesis aims at examining the similarities as well as differences in these two texts pertinent to the translation strategy, styles of crucial concepts and distinctive terms in individual psychology; translation errors are also discussed.