親職教育對國小學童之父母教養行為之影響--不縱容與不過度反應

Abstract

本研究主在探討國小學童之父、母親之教養行為現況，看國內國小階段孩童之父母親教養行為是否有縱容與過度反應的狀況，且發展有效的親職教育介入方案，並評估親職教育介入後，國小學童之父、母親之教養行為是否有正向改變。 本研究採準實驗研究法，針對台北市內湖區某國民小學一年級到四年級55位在學學童之家長作為研究對象，分為實驗組與對照組，兩組均進行前、後測，實驗組（n=20）接受總共五週、每週一次、每次120分鐘的「親職教育課程」，而對照組（n=35）則沒有進行實驗處理。同時使用「觀察紀錄表」、「討論紀錄單」、「個人學習單」與「課程回饋表」，評估實驗組家長學習狀況、對課程內容的回饋、參與程度與回家作業的情形。研究預期國小家長會有「過度反應」與「縱容」的表現，但經過親職教育課程後，實驗組的部分教養行為較對照組有顯著正向改變，即實驗組家長能變得更能堅持執行自己給予孩子的提醒，且更能和孩子說理，並心平氣和的處理孩子的錯誤行為，證實此親職教育課程之效果。 最後，研究者依據研究結果，針對國小學童之家長、家庭教育工作推廣、研究限制與對未來研究等方面提出具體建議。建議家長面對孩子時應冷靜，並適時紓解情緒，訂定、堅持家庭規則，積極參與親職教育課程；建議推廣家庭教育者在構思、推廣親職教育課程時，尋求學校或其他單位的各樣資源，偕同合作；並就研究對象、研究設計、研究工具與課程設計並帶領，對未來研究給予建議，供相關人士參考。

This research is mainly discussing the parenting situation (especially in laxness and overreactivity) and the effects of parent education to parenting of elementary childrens' parents. The author adopted quasi-experimental designs for the research and tested a 5-week (120min/week) parent education program with parents (n=20) and control group parents (n=35) of 1st grade to 4th grade elementary childrens' parents in Taiwan, Nei-Hu. Data of pre-test and pro-test, the measurement of parenting scale, observation records and feedback sheet in the class are used to examine the effect of the parent education program. The result of the research was that the parent education program had partly effects on parenting of elementary childrens' parents. Especially in the behavior part, the parents in the experimental group became to insist in their warning to the children more than they had the class, and they could handle children’s problem peacefully. All of the results show that the parent education program is effectively. To sum up, according to the results, the author provided some advice to the elementary childrens' parents, family educators and future research.