南投縣某國中學生均衡飲食攝取行為及其相關因素之研究

Abstract

本研究主要目的在於了解國中學生均衡飲食攝取行為現況，並進一步探究個人背景因素、知識、社會心理因素及健康控握信念與均衡飲食攝取行為間的關係。以南投縣某國中學生為研究對象，有效樣本為295人。所得資料以t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關和多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析，重要結果歸納如下： 一、研究對象之六大類食物攝取行為分佈於「有時做到」～「經常做到」之間。 二、研究對象之均衡飲食攝取知識偏低、對均衡飲食的結果期望趨於正向、社會支持程度中等、自我效能偏低，健康控握信念偏向內控。 三、均衡飲食攝取之知識、結果期望、社會支持、自我效能與均衡飲食攝取行為呈正相關；健康控握信念之機運性外控則與均衡飲食攝取行為呈負相關 四、研究對象之均衡飲食攝取知識、均衡飲食攝取結果期望、老師之均衡飲食攝取社會支持、均衡飲食攝取自我效能共可解釋均衡飲食攝取行為總變異量的31.6%，其中影響力最大者為均衡飲食攝取自我效能。

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the current balanced diet intake behavior among junior high school students,and to identify the relationships between selected demographic characteristics,knowledge,psychosocial variables,heath locus of control and balanced diet intake behavior. The subjects were students from a junior high school in Nantou,Taiwan,and 295 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The t-test,one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s Product-moment Correlation and Multiple Regression were used to analyze the data and results were as follows: 1.The frequency of balanced diet intake behavior was between“sometimes“ and“often” 2.The subjects’outcome expectancy and social support for balanced diet intake behavior were positive, but knowledge and self-efficacy were poor. Meanwhile, the subjects were mostly prone to internal health locus of control. 3.Balanced diet intake behavior was positively correlated with knowledge, outcome expectancy, social support and self-efficacy, but negatively correlated with external chance health locus of control. 4.Thirty-one point six (31.6)% of the variance of balanced diet intake behavior was explained by knowledge, outcome expectancy, social support from teachers and self-efficacy. The strongest predictor of balanced diet intake behavior was self-efficacy.