某國營事業職場員工健康促進生活型態及相關因素之研究

Abstract

本研究之目的在瞭解某國營職場人員之「自覺健康狀況」、「健康概念」及「自我實現」、「健康責任」、「運動」、「營養」、「人際支持」、「壓力處理」等健康生活型態，並探討個人之社會人口學變項與自覺健康狀況、健康概念及健康促進生活型態的關係，並找出影響採取健康促進生活型態的主要因素。本研究之母群體為某國營事業單位382位職場員工，採全數調查，進行問卷自填方式，獲得有效問卷331份。 研究結果顯示： 一、研究對象之工作滿意度及母親健康狀況對自覺健康狀況有顯著影響，而年齡、工作滿意度、母親健康狀況則對健康概念形成顯著影響。另性別、年齡、婚姻狀況、子女數及工作滿意度均對健康促進生活型態形成顯著影響。 二、在自覺健康狀況方面，研究對象對自己目前健康情形的自評結果是呈現在介於與他人一樣及有好一些之間。另外自覺健康狀況與健康促進生活形態呈現顯著的正相關。 三、在健康概念方面，以安寧幸福性健康概念得分最高，其次依序為角色功能性、調適性，臨床性最低，整體來看亦顯現對健康有正向的看法；研究對象的自覺健康狀況與健康概念及其分概念間均呈現出顯著正相關。 四、在研究對象健康促進生活型態的6個層面中，由高而低依序為壓力處理、健康責任、人際支持、運動及營養，而自我實現為最低。而自覺健康狀況、健康概念、子女數以及年齡為能有效預測健康促進生活型態的因子，可解釋健康促進生活型態的變異量為 38.5％，其中以自覺健康狀況最有預測能力。The main purpose of this study was to understood the healthy life style of employees in certain government’s organization in terms of ”self-perceived health status”, “health concept”, ”self realization”, “health responsibility”, “exercise”, “nutrition”, “interpersonal support”, “pressure handling”, etc.; meanwhile, the relationship among individual’s Social Demography variable and self-perceived health status, health concept and health-promotional life style, and finally, the major factors for affecting the adoption of health-promotional life style were found out. The population of this study was 382 employees from a certain government’s organization. A total survey was adopted and survey questionnaire was used for the survey; an effective returned questionnaire of about 331 copies were received. The research results show that: 1. The work satisfaction and mother’s health status of the research target had obvious effect on self-perceived health status. However, age, work satisfaction and mother’s health status had obvious effect on the formation of health concept. Besides, sex, age, marriage status, number of children and work satisfaction all have obvious effect on the health-promotional life style. 2. In the self-perceived health status aspect, the self-evaluation from the research target on his/her health status shows a result in between “the same as others” and “a little bit better”. In addition, there was an obvious positive relationship between self-perceived health status and health-promotional life style. 3. In the health concept aspect, the peaceful and happy health concept had the highest score, the next were in descending order as follows: role functionality, adaptation, and clinical nature had the lowest score; generally speaking, positive views on the health can be seen; furthermore, positive relationship can be seen among the self-perceived health status, health concept and its branch concept of the research target. 4. In the six aspects of health-promotional life style of the research target, they had the following descending order: pressure handling, health responsibility, interpersonal support, exercise and nutrition, and the self realization stands in the lowest position. Furthermore, self-perceived health status, health concept, number of children and age were factors that can effectively predict health-promotional life style, the variance to explain health-promotional life style was 38.5％; among them, the self-perceived health status had the highest predictive power.