健身運動教練專業能力指標建構之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在建構健身運動教練專業能力指標，透過文獻的分析，初步建構本研究專業能力指標，接著選取學界5為、業界4位，共9位專家學者，採用修正式德懷術，歷經二回合專家學者意見回覆，建構健身運動教練專業能力指標，最後再以分析層級程序法，比較指標間權重表現。為求研究之信度，本研究德懷術收斂標準為同意度達80%，分析層級程序法採不一致性比率I. R.值≦0.1為收斂標準。研究結果：(1)健身運動教練專業能力指標共計有35項，分別為專業認知15項、專業技能11項、專業態度9項；(2)專業能力指標權重表現首重專業態度構面、其次專業認知構面、最後專業技能構面；(3)專業能力指標整層級權重，最重視之前3項指標為專業態度構面之敬業態度、具備職業道德、對工作責任心最不重視則為專業技能之保養運動器材基本能力。研究結論：(1)健身運動教練除了要有好的運動處方規劃能力，且必須具備行銷能力，推銷自己並能避免運動中學員的傷害，最基本的人際互動能力亦是重要；(2)教練有良好的態度，將會決定學員是否參與課程。沒有豐富的學理知識佐證指導技能，再良好的指導技能亦是徒勞無功；(3)健身運動教練需要擁有敬業的熱忱及態度，尊重自己的工作，才能突顯自身的專業認知及技能。建議未來政府、相關機構以及第一線教練能以本研究發現作為參考，辦理相關課程及建立有組織的認證系統。The purpose of this study was to establish professional competency indicators for exercise trainer. A preliminary competency indicators were established through literature review. Five scholars from the academia, and 4 experts form the industry, a total of 9 individuals were selected to give suggestions for the indicators using modified Delphi technique. The final indicators were established after 2 rounds of consent degree. The weight scores of all indicators were determined by AHP. For reliability, the Delphi convergence criteria reached up to 80%, AHP used inconsistency ratio, I.R. value ≦ 0.1 was the convergence criteria. The results indicated that: (1) The professional competency indicator system consisted of 35 indicators, 15 for the dimension of professional cognition, 11 for the dimension of professional skill and 9 for the dimension of professional attitude. (2) The most important dimension in the professional competency indicator system was professional attitude, followed by professional cognition and professional skill. (3) For the weight scores level of professional competency indicators, the three most important indicators were dedicated attitude, professional ethics and sense of responsibility for work of the professional attitude dimensions. The least important was the basic ability to maintain sports equipment for the professional skill. Conclusions: An exercise trainer must have (1) the ability to make a good exercise prescription plan, the marketing ability to sell oneself and avoid sports injuries of participants, the basic interpersonal ability was also important; (2) good attitude that influenced the participant’s decision making to participate in the course. If there was no extensive theoretical knowledge to back up instruction skills, any good instruction skill was useless; (3) dedicated enthusiasm and attitude, respect one’s work, in order to highlight one’s professional knowledge and skills. Suggestions: Government, relevant agencies and trainers should use this study findings as a reference to set up related program and to establish organized system of certification.