以混合多準則決策分析法發展車聯網之發展情境與平台

Abstract

隨著科技發展，人們對汽車等交通工具新功能的需求日增，希望能在車內做更多的事情。車聯網技術，可以解決大部份問題，豐富「汽車生活」。車聯網技術的成熟，無疑帶動更多行動裝置、雲端系統、甚至技術的演進，也改變的人類生活的方式。雖然車聯網世代即將來臨，卻少有學者從市場資訊及數位生活的角度探討車聯網的發展場景和平台。本研究將導入情境分析和混合多準則決策分析法 (Multiple Criteria Decision Making, MCDM)，定義三個未來車聯網發展之情境與對應平台。第一階段分析以宏觀環境(Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal, PESTEL)模型為基礎，導入混合多準則決策模型，訂定最適情境。第二階段分析導入混合多準則決策模型，定義車聯網平台元素。兩階段皆利用專家問卷，採德爾菲法篩選出適用的準則，再用決策試驗實驗室評估法（Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL）計算出構面及準則間的影響關係與重要性，並結合基於決策實驗室評估法之網路流程 (DEMATEL-based Analytic Network Process, DANP)，權衡與評估準則的權重。最後透過多準則折衷評估方法（VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje, VIKOR），從折衷排名中獲得車聯網未來三個主要發展情境；也推衍出最適合該情境之車聯網平台。依據研究結果，未來車聯網之主要發展情境包括萌芽、繁榮與成熟等三情境，因應三情境之車聯網平台，主要差異包括繁榮期三維環場相機模組之整合、與成熟期客製化模組之提供。本研究之結果，可為車聯網業者發展平台之依據，分析架構也可為其他平台發展之用。With the improvement of technology, people's needs for novel functions of vehicles are increased day by day. In order to execute most of the tasks required within the future car, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) technology is essential support the "car life". The coming IoV technology will undoubtedly drive the evolution of more mobile devices, cloud systems, and even technology, and change the life style. Though the era of IoV is arriving, very few scholars discussed the development scenarios and platforms of the IoV from the perspective of market information and digital life. This research will introduce scenario analysis and Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods to define three scenarios and corresponding IoV platforms for the development of the IoVs in the future. The first stage of analysis is based on the Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal (PESTEL) model, introducing a hybrid MCDM model to determine the most suitable scenario. The second stage of the analysis imports a hybrid MCDM model to define the elements of the IoV platform. Both stages are based on experts’ opinions. The Delphi method will be adopted to filter possiblecriteria. Then the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) is adopted to derive the influence relationships among the dimensions and the criteria. Next, the DEMATEL-based Analytic Network Process (DANP) is used to evaluate the weights of related criteria. Finally, through the VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR), the three main development scenarios of the IoV in the future should be obtained from the compromise ranking derived by VIKOR, and the most suitable platform elements of IoV for these scenarios are also derived. According to the research results, the main development scenarios of the future IoVs include three scenarios: budding, prosperity, and maturity. In response to the three-scenario IoVs platform, the main differences include the integration of three-dimensional surrounding camera modules in the boom period and the customized model in the mature period. Provided by the group. The results of this study can be used as a basis for the development of platforms for the connected car industry, and the analytical framework can also be used for the development of other platforms.