中國傳統文化與三民主義

Abstract

In China slogans, "Democracy" and "Science" were adopted during the New Culture Movement" in 1919. Most Chinese in those days were imbued with the idea of westernization to such an extent that they neglected the old moral tradition. Also, the scientific achievements in ancient China did not arrest their attention. As a matter of act, the scientific knowledge of the Chinese in ancient times was as broad as that of the western people. Emperor Yao (2357 B. C.? - 2257 B. C. ?), the legendary sovereign of Chinese people, was very much concerned with the celetial phenomena because of its influence on the mundane affairs. Some fifty years later, Emperor Yu (2205 B. C. ? - 2160 B. C. ?), another sovereign, controlled successfully the flood of the Yellow River. These two examples proved at least one thing: the Chinese people in ancient tune had strong interest in sciences.In 1966, the late President Chiang Kai-shek promulgated "the Cultural Renaissance Movement". The purpose of themovement is to reemphasize the old moral tradition conpled with the recognition of profound scientific knowledge and ability the Chinese people have had. It goes without saying that the renova-tion is not the restoration of something old, but the reevaluation of them. It is logical that the Chinese cultural heritage should be extolled and broadened in order to enact the Three Principles of the People ("San Min Chu I") as indicated by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, founder of the Republic of China.Dr. Sun said, "there is an old moral tradition held continuously by Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, Yu, Duke Chou and Confucius. My philosophy, in a word, is an inheritance of the tradition which is worth to be brightened and broadened."The following words related closely to the Chinese moral tradition were stated clearly in the Book of History ("Shang Shu"):-People are the basis on which a nation is established. To fortify the basis is to make a nation formidable.-To rectify the moral principles, to utilize the available mat