南投縣高中職學生運動行為及其影響因素之研究

Abstract

摘要 本研究之的目在於瞭解南投縣高中職學生運動行為之現況，並探討運動行為與背景因素、社會心理因素間的關係。研究對象以就讀南投縣高中職學生為範圍，共發出720份問卷回收620份，回收有效問卷566份。所得資料以SPSS12.0統計軟體進行資料處理，包括描述性統計方法，單因子變異數分析、薛費事後比較、積差相關、複迴歸等。本研究重要結果歸納如下：一、運動行為的現況方面：運動頻率以平均每週二次最多。運動強度以中度運動與輕度運動最多；研究對象輕度運動時間、中度運動時間均以一至二十分者佔最多。運動種類主要為籃球、爬樓梯、騎腳踏車、慢跑。二、社會心理因素與背景因素方面：學測成績在100至200分之間、自覺健康狀態愈好者有較高的運動自我效能；有參加運動社團自覺健康狀況較好者有較高的高二男生有較高的運動社會支持；學測200分以上、自覺課業有壓力，父/母教育程度專科或大學畢業者、有較高的父母運動社會支持；男生、有參加運動社團者、仁愛高農及自覺健康狀況愈好者，有較高的同儕運動社會支持; 有參與運動社團並自覺健康狀況愈好的高三男生自覺運動利益愈越好。學測100分以下、課業感覺尚可的高二女生老師支持得分較高；沒有參與運動社團者、自覺健康狀況愈差者的自覺運動障礙得分較高。三、個人背景對運動行為方面：男生、有參與運動社團者、自覺健康狀況愈好者、父母職業越高者會有較高的運動行為。四、社會心理對運動行為方面：運動行為與運動自我效能、運動社會支持與自覺運動利益成顯著正相關；運動行為與自覺運動障礙成負相關。五、對運動行為預測方面：性別、參與運動社團、父/母最高職業狀況、運動自我效能、同儕運動社會支持、自覺運動障礙對運動行為有顯著預測力。 最後分別對未來中學生運動行為之提昇及研究方向舉出若干建議。ABSTRACT The purposes of the study were to investigate the relationship among students’ exercise behaviors, social economical background, and social psychological factors of senior and vocational high school in Nan-Tou County. Seven hundreds and twenty high schools students were selected among the Nan-Tou County. 720 questionnaires were sent out and 566 were validities. The descriptive statistics, independent one-way ANOVA, Scheffe post-hoc t comparisons, and Pearson product-moment correlation were used to analyze data. The results of the study are as follows: 1. Exercise behavior: The most often frequencies of doing exercise for students were twice a week. Further, the students often spent 10-20 min light to moderate intensity exercise such as basketball, climbing stairs, bicycle riding, and jogging, etc.2. Factors of social psychology and backgrounds: The admission score between 100 to 200 male students had better perceived of healthy condition (PHC) and higher score of exercise self-efficacy. Second grade students who participated in more exercise extra-curriculum activity (ETC) and had better PHC had higher social support in the study. Students’ parents’ was graduated from college or university and their admission score were above 200 had higher pressure of academic performance and family support. Students who studied at National Ren-Ai vocational agricultural high school (RAS), ETC, and PHC had higher partner support (PS). Third grade students with ETC and high PHC had higher score of benefits of perceptual exercise. Second grade female students in RAS with below 100 admission scores who had neutral pressure of academic performance tended to have higher teacher support. 3. The relationship between personal backgrounds and exercise behavior: Male students whose parents with high social positions, more ETS, and PHC condition had high exercise behaviors (EB). 4. The relationship between social psychological factors (SPF) and EB: There are positive correlations between EB and exercise self-efficacy (ESE), and also between exercise social support and perceived benefits of exercise. However, there are negative correlations between EB and perceived barriers of exercise (PBE). 5. There are predicted factors of EB including gender, PHC, parents’ occupations, ESE, PS and PBE.