臺北縣公立高工機械群男學生實習課戴耳罩之行為意圖研究

Abstract

本研究主要目的是運用Ajzen（1985）的計劃行為理論（the Theory of Planned Behavior）來預測並解釋研究對象實習課戴耳罩的行為意圖。 同時並比較理性行動理論（the Theory of Reasoned Action）與計劃行為理論兩者在解釋戴耳罩意圖上的適切性。本研究以臺北縣公立高工八十三學年度第一學期在學的機械群三年級男生為母群體，以簡單隨機集束抽樣，得有效樣本380人。研究工具為研究者依開放式引導問卷填答結果及參考類似研究，所編成的結構式問卷。本研究的重要結果如下： 一、對實習課戴耳罩的態度、主觀規範和知覺行為控制可以有效地解釋本研究對象的實習課戴耳罩意圖，解釋量達35.3%，其中以態度對實習課戴耳罩意圖的影響最大。 二、本研究對象對實習課戴耳罩的態度與行為信念、結果評價的交乘積和（Σ Bi*Ei）呈正相關；主觀規範與規範信念、依從動機的交乘積和（Σ NBj*MCj）呈正相關；知覺行為控制與控制信念也呈正相關。 三、有╱無實習課戴耳罩意圖者在行為信念、結果評價、規範信念、依從動機和控制信念上均有整體性的差異存在。整體而言，本研究結果支持計劃行為理論的假設，並發現計劃行為理論應用在實習課戴耳罩意圖上，稍優於理性行動理論。

The purpose of this study was to predict and explain the students' intention to wear earmuffs on the basis of the Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and to compare the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) with TPB in terms of predictive validity. The sample was selected from the third-grade male students of mechanics cluster in industrial/vocational high school in 1994. A questionnaire survey was adopted as the method in this study. Three hundred eighty (380) valid questionnaires were acquired. The main findings of this study were: (1) The attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control could effectively predict the subjects' intention of wearing earmuffs. (2) Attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were shown to be related to appropriate sets of salient behavioral, normative, and control beliefs about the behavior. (3) The result of this study supported the hypothesis of the TPB and revealed that the TPB was a little better than TRA on predicting the behavioral intention of wearing earmuffs.